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Non-genetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 页码 319-332 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0569-9
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients and is characterized by thickened glomerular basement membrane, increased extracellular matrix formation, and podocyte loss. These phenomena lead to proteinuria and altered glomerular filtration rate, that is, the rate initially increases but progressively decreases. DN has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Its prevalence shows a rapid growth trend and causes heavy social and economic burden in many countries. However, this disease is multifactorial, and its mechanism is poorly understood due to the complex pathogenesis of DN. In this review, we highlight the new molecular insights about the pathogenesis of DN from the aspects of immune inflammation response, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, apoptosis and mitochondrial damage, epigenetics, and podocyte–endothelial communication. This work offers groundwork for understanding the initiation and progression of DN, as well as provides ideas for developing new prevention and treatment measures.
关键词: diabetic nephropathy immune inflammatory response epithelial–mesenchymal transition apoptosis mitochondrial damage epigenetics podocyte–endothelial communication
Metformin and metabolic diseases: a focus on hepatic aspects
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第2期 页码 173-186 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0384-0
Metformin has been widely used as a first-line anti-diabetic medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). As a drug that primarily targets the liver, metformin suppresses hepatic glucose production (HGP), serving as the main mechanism by which metformin improves hyperglycemia of T2D. Biochemically, metformin suppresses gluconeogenesis and stimulates glycolysis. Metformin also inhibits glycogenolysis, which is a pathway that critically contributes to elevated HGP. While generating beneficial effects on hyperglycemia, metformin also improves insulin resistance and corrects dyslipidemia in patients with T2D. These beneficial effects of metformin implicate a role for metformin in managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. As supported by the results from both human and animal studies, metformin improves hepatic steatosis and suppresses liver inflammation. Mechanistically, the beneficial effects of metformin on hepatic aspects are mediated through both adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent and AMPK-independent pathways. In addition, metformin is generally safe and may also benefit patients with other chronic liver diseases.
关键词: metformin diabetes hepatic steatosis inflammatory response insulin resistance
Improved dissolution and anti-inflammatory effect of ibuprofen by solid dispersion
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第2期 页码 195-203 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0189-3
The purpose of this study was to improve the dissolution rate and anti-inflammatory effect of ibuprofen by a solid dispersion (SD) method. Initial screening was developed based on drug solubility in carriers in the liquid state to select a suitable water-soluble carrier system for the preparation of SDs. The dissolution of ibuprofen in urea was higher than in PEG4000 or mannitol. Thus, urea was selected as the carrier for the preparation of SDs. SDs were characterized in terms of dissolution, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Solid dispersion-based (SDBT) and conventional (CT) tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method. The anti-inflammatory effect of SDBT was evaluated using the mouse ear edema test with xylene. In vitro release results indicated that the ibuprofen dissolution rate was improved by the SD. SD characterization results suggested that ibuprofen partly precipitates in crystalline and amorphous forms after SD preparation and that ibuprofen and urea do not interact. SDBT displayed more significant anti-inflammatory effects than CT. The dissolution rate and anti-inflammatory effect of ibuprofen were significantly enhanced by the ibuprofen-urea SD.
关键词: ibuprofen solid dispersion physical mixture dissolution anti-inflammatory effect
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第2期 页码 139-145 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0377-z
In obesity, chronic inflammation is believed to induce insulin resistance and impairs adipose tissue function. Although this view is supported by a large body of literature, it has been challenged by growing evidence that pro-inflammatory cytokines may favor insulin sensitivity through induction of energy expenditure. In this review article, interleukin 15 (IL-15) is used as a new example to explain the beneficial effects of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. IL-15 is secreted by multiple types of cells including macrophages, neutrophils and skeletal muscle cells. IL-15 expression is induced in immune cells by endotoxin and in muscle cells by physical exercise. Its transcription is induced by transcription factor NF-κB. IL-15 binds to its receptor that contains three different subunits (α, β and γ) to activate JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, IKK/NF-κB and JNK/AP1 pathways in cells. In the regulation of metabolism, IL-15 reduces weight gain without inhibiting food intake in rodents. IL-15 suppresses lipogenesis, stimulates brown fat function, improves insulin sensitivity through weight loss and energy expenditure. In human, circulating IL-15 is negatively associated with body weight. In the immune system, IL-15 stimulates proliferation and differentiation of T cells, NK cells, monocytes and neutrophils. In the anti-obesity effects of IL-15, T cells and NK cells are not required, but leptin receptor is required. In summary, evidence from human and rodents supports that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-15 may enhance energy expenditure to protect the body from obesity and type 2 diabetes. The mechanism of IL-15 action remains to be fully uncovered in the regulation of energy expenditure.
关键词: inflammation obesity cytokine energy expenditure insulin resistance
Na You, Sasa Chu, Binggang Cai, Youfang Gao, Mizhou Hui, Jin Zhu, Maorong Wang
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第2期 页码 292-301 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0806-5
关键词: bioactive hyaluronan lipopolysaccharide inflammatory cytokines TLR4 human macrophages
左炔诺孕酮宫内释放系统对胰岛素样生长因子-1的影响与预防盆腔炎的相关性研究
吴晓杰,刘霞,陶跃平,王洁
《中国工程科学》 2015年 第17卷 第6期 页码 4-7
目的:研究左炔诺孕酮宫内释放系统对子宫内膜组织胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)的影响及预防盆腔炎疗效分析。方法:选取2010―2013年在嘉兴市妇幼保健院行宫腔镜下子宫内膜息肉切除术患者450例进行随机分组,研究组术后子宫内即时放置左炔诺孕酮宫内释放系统,而对照组不予放置。分别对术前及术后6个月子宫内膜组织IGF-1的表达情况进行对比,且随访2年,了解患者盆腔炎发生情况。结果:所有手术均成功,研究组子宫内膜组织IGF-1表达术后明显低于术前,对照组术前及术后子宫内膜组织IGF-1表达变化无差异,二组相比,术后IGF-1表达差异有显著性。随访2年对照组224例患者中39例发生盆腔炎,复发率为10.89 %,而研究组184例发生盆腔炎12例,差异有显著性;研究组子宫内膜厚度术后明显小于术前,差异有显著性,对照组子宫内膜厚度术后与术前变化无差异性。结论:左炔诺孕酮宫内释放系统对子宫内膜的IGF-1表达存在抑制作用,可能是其抑制子宫内膜增生并减少盆腔炎发生的机制之一。
Development of a seismic design method based on response spectra for building structures
ZHOU Xiyuan, YU Ruifang
《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第1卷 第2期 页码 129-141 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0014-2
关键词: generalization classical damping mode-superposition response calculation formula damping theory
Confining pressure effect on dynamic response of high rockfill dam
Xuexing CAO, Yunlong HE, Kun XIONG,
《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第1期 页码 116-126 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0014-5
关键词: confining pressure effect high rockfill dam dynamic response Hardin-Drnevich constitutive model
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第16卷 第3期 页码 593-606 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0636-4
关键词: topology optimization solid isotropic material with penalization transient response aggregation function second-order Arnoldi reduction
Intestinal Epithelial Axin1 Deficiency Protects Against Colitis via Altered Gut Microbiota
Shari Garrett,Yongguo Zhang,Yinglin Xia,Jun Sun,
《工程(英文)》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.06.007
关键词: Axin1 Bacteria Microbiome inflammation Inflammatory bowel disease Immunity Microbiome Paneth cells Akkermansia muciniphila Wnt
Dynamic response of precast segmental bridge columns under heavy truck impact
《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第3期 页码 327-349 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0911-z
关键词: precast segmental bridge columns heavy truck collision dynamic response
Dynamic response surface methodology using Lasso regression for organic pharmaceutical synthesis
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第2期 页码 221-236 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2061-y
关键词: data-driven modeling pharmaceutical organic synthesis Lasso regression dynamic response surface methodology
Recent advances in myeloid-derived suppressor cell biology
Mahmoud Mohammad Yaseen, Nizar Mohammad Abuharfeil, Homa Darmani, Ammar Daoud
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第2期 页码 232-251 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0797-2
关键词: non-human primates (rhesus macaques) myeloid-derived pro-inflammatory cells (MDPCs) autoimmune disorders alloimmune responses pregnancy mature MDSCs multiple sclerosis Yin-Yang law of MDSCs
Tangchun Wu
《医学前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 页码 816-819 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0823-4
Meng SONG, Wei SUN
《能源前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期 页码 64-73 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0732-5
关键词: thermostatically controlled load demand response renewable energy power system operation
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Beneficial metabolic activities of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 15 in obesity and type 2 diabetes
null
期刊论文
Bioactive hyaluronic acid fragments inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses via the
Na You, Sasa Chu, Binggang Cai, Youfang Gao, Mizhou Hui, Jin Zhu, Maorong Wang
期刊论文
Development of a seismic design method based on response spectra for building structures
ZHOU Xiyuan, YU Ruifang
期刊论文
Confining pressure effect on dynamic response of high rockfill dam
Xuexing CAO, Yunlong HE, Kun XIONG,
期刊论文
Topology optimization of transient problem with maximum dynamic response constraint using SOAR scheme
期刊论文
Intestinal Epithelial Axin1 Deficiency Protects Against Colitis via Altered Gut Microbiota
Shari Garrett,Yongguo Zhang,Yinglin Xia,Jun Sun,
期刊论文
Dynamic response surface methodology using Lasso regression for organic pharmaceutical synthesis
期刊论文
Recent advances in myeloid-derived suppressor cell biology
Mahmoud Mohammad Yaseen, Nizar Mohammad Abuharfeil, Homa Darmani, Ammar Daoud
期刊论文
Persistence of humoral and cellular immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection: opportunities and challenges
Tangchun Wu
期刊论文